Nowadays, the world is more and more integrated and developed. The introduction of agreements and policies promoted import and export activities of many countries, including Vietnam. With the advantage of a long coastline as well as an important geographical position for goods trading, Vietnam’s import and export activities play an even bigger role. International freight transport by sea and by air has also been invested and expanded. In this situation, Vietnam’s import-export businesses need to understand the main export markets from which to launch products and expand their markets. So, which market does Vietnam mainly export to?

1. The United States

The United States is Vietnam’s largest export market with a turnover of 98.5 billion USD in 2021, up 22.2% over the same period last year. The US is a large market with increasing purchasing power and diversified product needs. In the pass, the US was a difficult market with many strict regulations in importing goods. Vietnam’s export activities have become more and more professional and advanced, gradually approaching the US. This is still a potential market of Vietnam.

Main commodities that Vietnam export to US

• Garment
• Cell phones and accessories
• Computers, electronic products and components
• Footwear
• Other machinery, equipment, tools and spare parts
• Wood and furniture
• Agricultural and aquatic products

Main ports of the US that import cargoes from Vietnam

• USEC port: including ports in the east coast of the US, such as: USBAL – BALTIMORE,MD, USCHA- CHARLESTON,SC, USHOU – HOUSTON,TX, USMIA- MIAMI, USMOB- MOBILE,AL, USNYC- NEW YORK,NY, USSAV- SAVANNAH,GA, USTAM – TAMPA,FL,…
• USWC port: including ports in the West coast of the US, such as: USLAX- Los Angeles, USLGB- Long Beach, USOAK- Oakland, USSEA- Seattle, Tacoma, Portland,…
• Inland port: CHICAGO, MEMPHIS, KANSAS, CLEVELAND,…

2. China

China is a large market with a high amount of population and large demand for goods, so it is a potential market. In addition to this, China is also a “neighbor” of Vietnam, with a long border, exporting to China is not only by sea or air but also by border truck.

According to data from the General Department of Customs, two-way trade between Vietnam and China in 2021 will reach 165.8 billion USD, up 24.6% over the previous year. In which, the export of goods to this market reached nearly 56 billion USD, up 14.5% and imported approximately 110 billion USD from China, up 30.5% compared to 2020.

With this result, China continues to be Vietnam’s largest trading partner and second largest export market.

Main commodities that export from Vietnam to China:

• Agricultural products – main goods, including vegetables; cashew; the coffee; tea; rice; cassava and cassava products; rubber, rubber products…
• Aquatic products: representative goods is catfish
• Wood and furniture
• Electronic products and components
• Fabric and textile
• Camera

Main ports of China that import cargoes from Vietnam

China is one of the countries with the largest number of seaports in the world with about 34 main seaports and more than 2000 small seaports. Some major ports can be mentioned as follows: Shanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen, Shekou, Qingdao, Tianjin, Xiamen, Yantian, Dailian, …

3. EU

Trade relations between Vietnam and Europe have always been maintained and developed. However, the signing of the VNFTA agreement marks an important milestone in the co-operation and development between Vietnam and the EU, opening a promising new phase for the relationship between Vietnam and the EU. Comprehensive cooperation goes into depth, more practical and effective. According to the General Department of Customs of Vietnam, two-way trade exchange between Vietnam and the EU after one year of implementation of the Agreement reached 54.87 billion USD, up 12.1% over the same period last year. EU became the 3^rd biggest market for exporting field of Vietnam.

Main commodity export from Vietnam to EU

The Netherlands, Germany, Italy, and Belgium are the main export markets for Vietnamese goods. The item that Vietnam export to EU most is agricultural commodity, including coffee, cashew nuts, rubber, vegetables, pepper, rice and tea. According to data from the General Department of Customs, the total export turnover of Vietnam’s main agricultural products to the EU market in the first 11 months of 2021 reached about $2.2 billion and increased 10.1% over the same period last year 2020. Besides,  Vietnam export to EU some items with the highest exports include phones and components, computers, electronic products, shoes of all kinds, machinery and equipment spare parts, textiles and garments.

Main ports of EU

EU’s import ports are very diverse, because the countries in the EU are located closely to each other, it is possible to delivery cargo to another country’s ports without much difficulty in processing for customs clearance and pick up cargo.

Some major ports of  countries in EU are as follows:

• Germany: Hamburg, Bremen
• Belgium: Antwerp
• Spain: Valencia, Algeciras, Barcelona,…
• Italy: Gioia Tauro, La Spezia, Genoa,…

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Main port of Vietnam

Port Name: Ho Chi Minh City – Port code: VNSGN

Port Name: Haiphong- Port code: VNHPH

Port Name: Danang- Port code: VNDAD

Port Name: Quinhon- Port code: VNUIH

Main airport of Vietnam

Airport name: Noi Bai- code: HAN

Airport name: Tan Son Nhat – code: SGN